Airship with mixed sustentation



s. TALLEI' v AIRSHIP WITH MIXED SUSTEN'IATION Filed Sept. 29, 1926- 2Sheets-Sheet 1 I Jm eri for. Guido TaZZei.

Dec. 18, 1928. 1,695,394-

' G. TALLEI AIRSHIP WITH MIXED SUSTENTATION Filed Sept, 29, 1926 2Sheets-Sheet 2 v [NvE/vfioR Guina 7 11117 Patented. Dec. 18, 1928.

UNITED- STATES eurn'o TALLEI, or ROME, ITALY.

AIRSHIP WITH MIXED SUSTENTATION.

Application filed September 29, 1926, Serial The present invention.concerns a novel type of airship with mixed sustentation, that is anairship provided with supporting surfaces in such a. manner as to obtainas a result a flying machine which while possessing all the advantagesof the usual airplanes and airships assembled together eliminates as;far as possible the inconveniences of both types. p

The airship according to the presentin yention consists substantially ofa central hollow body of elongated shape on the lat-, eral walls ofwhich are externally secured carrying surfaces symmetrically disposed inrespect of the middle longitudinal plan of the apparatus.

The central body consists of a gas bag of aluminium sheet or of anyother light metal sheet; said envelope is carried by a supporting andstiffening frame and contains in its interior air heated by means of theexhaust gases of the engines, so as to produce a statical lifting powerto which, during the light is added the dynamical lifting power due tothe pressure which the external air develops against the lateralcarrying surfaces, which act in the same manner as the wings of an usualairplane.

In the annexed drawing, which shows by way of example and schematicallya practical embodiment of the invention:

The Fig. 1 is a top view of the-airship partially insection, v

The Fig. 2 is a cross section according to the line A B' of Fig. 1,

The Fig. 3 is a side View and Fig. 4 is an axial horizontal section.

' As shown in the drawing the airship according to the inventionsubstantially consists of an envelope 1 of thin corrugated metal sheetcovered by an outer skin which is of thin smooth metal sheet. Saiddouble envelope which constitutes a strongly insulating wall has, in theusual way, the shape of a surface of revolution the longitudinal axis ofwhich is much longer than the trans verse axis. At the fore end isprovided a strong bow shield 2 designed to resist the dynamical pressureof the external air when theairship is in motion, and at the rear end,that is at the stern, are provided the rudder 3 and the stabilizingsurfaces 4 which can be controlled from the cars by means of a No.138,464, and in Italy 0ctober13, 1925 rigid or flexible transmission ofany convenient type; The cars 5 are symmetrically placed at both sidesof the envelope.

In order to impart to the latter the'necessary' resistance it is mountedupon ring shaped frames connected by means of stiffening and supportingspokes 7 to a central tube 8 extending for the whole longitudinal axisof the airship. This tube is closed at the fore end and freely open atthe rear end for the purpose which will be explained hereinafter.

In fact said tube has not only the purpose of acting as a hub for theattachment of the spokes 7 but is also intended to receive in proximityof its fore end, the exhaust gases which through the radial tubes 20come from the engines 19 placed in the cars 5. The exhaust gases thusflow through the central 6 conveniently distanced andtube 8 and heatstrongly the air contained a between the internal walls of the envelope1 and the external wall of the tube 8;

The increase of temperature thus obtained causes a rarefaction of theair containedin the envelope .and therefore the production of a certainamount of lifting power which contributes in lifting the airship.

In the walls of the central tube 8 openings 21 may be provided throughwhich the exhaust gases may escape in the interior of the envelope. Inthis manner the lifting power can be notably increased because a higher.temperature can be maintained in the interior of the envelope.

To the lifting: power thusobtained is added the dynamical lifting powersuppliedby two or more sets of wings 9 and 10 applied to the sides ofthe envelope. Said wings are rigidly fastened to the framing of theenvelope 1, and possess further the feature of carrying at the rear fanshaped appendages 11 and 12 which can be displayed or applied at will bymeans of convenient con- 'trolling transmissions for the purposeofchanging the area of the carrying surface according tothecircumstances. The stabilizing surfaces have been also, and for a likepurpose, provided with fan shaped extensions 13 and 14.

. The airship according to the invention being particularly designed forvery long travels with many passengers, thus instead of adopting a largenumber of separate cars I it has been found preferable to arrange twovided in the body of the envelope, and for.

thispurpose the envelope shows a recess 16 corresponding to the foreendof said cars.

' The propulsive power is supplied by two sets of engines 19symmetrically placed in respect of the central body on board ofthe twocars, thehulls of which are conveniently shaped, in such manner as toallow the application of several propellers 18 to each one of them.

Further a not negligible increase of the propelling power is due to thearrangement above mentioned that-the exhaust gases escape in the axialdirection at .the rear end of the longitudinal conduit 8, the reactionof the jet supplying a useful component for the forward movement in thesame way as it happens in a jet propelled ship.

In theform of construction of the airship shown in the drawing anattempt has been made to give the airship an external shape as similaras possible to the shape of a flying bird, the structure showing partswhich correspond to the beak,- the head, the neck, the wings and thetail, although it will be understood that said shape can be considerablychanged always remaining within the scope of the invention.

The airship built and working in the manner above said possessesconsiderable advantages in comparison of the other airships of the sameclass already known.

In the first place any danger of fire due to' newing the gas supply andfor landing and starting, as this airship can land and start like anairplane and float like a ship and may be anchored in any harbour.

It will be further understood that the airship will' be supplied withself-acting or controlled valves for keeping within the tained therein.

prescribed limits the pressure in the interior of the envelope; withventilators for ac celerating or retarding the change of the air and ofthe exhaust gases-and for keeping them in the desired proportion in theinterior-of the envelope; may be provided with vertical pits givingaccess on the deck of the envelope and finally with all the otherstructures and contrivances required forthe regular working of anairship, and which do not need to be here described or menknown. I

I claim:

1. An airship with mixed sustentation, comprising an engine, supportingsurfaces to supply in flight aerodynamical lifting power, an envelope ofsheet metal and filled with air, a hollow tube extending along thelongitudinal axis of theenvelope, the exhaust gases of the engine beingled to said longitudinal tube for the purpose of heating the aircontained in the envelope and thus supplying aerostatic lifting power,ring shaped girders supporting the envelope, and

"tioned more in detail, being all generally spokes radiating from saidhollow longitudinal tube for stiffening the girders.

.2. An airship according to claim 1 wherein the longitudinal tube isprovided with openings in its wall so that the exhaust, gases can passinto the interior of the envelope and become mixed with the air con-.

3. An airship according'to'claim l wherein the envelope is formed ofcorrugated sheet metal and an external covering of smooth sheet metal soas to secure a good thermal insulation of the hot air in the envelope.

4. An air ship according to claim 1 the shape of which is like'the shapeof a flying beak, the head, the neck, the body, the wings and the tail,cars at both sides of the body, the neck being formed with a recess toen-' able communication between the cars.

5. An airship according to claim 1 together with cars mounted adjacentthe envelope,- said cars being inter-communicating and so shaped as topermit the use ofbird, having parts corresponding to the a plurality ofpropellers for each car.

In testimony whereof I have afiixed my signature at Rome this fifteenthday of September, 1926;

sumo TALLEI.

